Kulongedza kwa graphite, ngati chinthu chofunikira chosindikizira m'mafakitale, kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale monga mankhwala, mafuta, ndi kupanga magetsi. Kuchita kwake kumakhudza mwachindunji chitetezo cha ntchito ndi moyo wautumiki wa zida. Kuonetsetsa kuti graphite kulongedza khalidwe limakwaniritsa zofunika muyezo, izo ziyenera kuunika bwinobwino kudzera m'ndondomeko kuyezetsa. Nkhaniyi ifotokoza mwatsatanetsatane za kuyezetsa kwa ma graphite, kuphimba masitepe ofunikira monga sampuli, kuyezetsa katundu wakuthupi, kusanthula kwamankhwala, ndi kutsimikizira magwiridwe antchito.
1. Zitsanzo ndi Kukonzekera Zitsanzo
Gawo loyamba pakuyesa ndikuyesa zitsanzo zofananira kuti muwonetsetse zitsanzo zoyimira. Choyamba, kutengera ma CD mtundu wa graphite kulongedza katundu (mwachitsanzo, masikono, midadada, kapena granules), sampling njira anatsimikiza malinga ndi mfundo zoyenera (mwachitsanzo, GB/T 18341 kapena ASTM D297). Zitsanzo nthawi zambiri zimasankhidwa mwachisawawa kuchokera m'magulu osiyanasiyana kapena malo kuti aletse mawonekedwe amderalo kuti asakhudze zotsatira zonse. Pambuyo poyesa, zitsanzo ziyenera kusungidwa pamalo ouma kuti zisatengedwe ndi chinyezi komanso kuipitsidwa.
Kukonzekera kwachitsanzo chotsatira, kuphatikizapo kudula, kugaya, kapena kukanikiza, kumachitidwa kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za mayeso enieni. Mwachitsanzo, kuyezetsa katundu wakuthupi kungafunike zitsanzo za miyeso yeniyeni, pamene kusanthula mankhwala kumafunika chitsanzo cha ufa wofanana. Panthawi yokonzekera, zinthu zachilengedwe, monga kutentha ndi chinyezi, ziyenera kuyendetsedwa mosamalitsa kuti zipewe kusintha kwa zinthu zakuthupi.
2. Kuyesa Katundu Wathupi
Maonekedwe a ma graphite fillers ndiye maziko a magwiridwe antchito awo, makamaka kuphatikiza kachulukidwe, kuuma, kuponderezana kuyambiranso, komanso matenthedwe amafuta.
1.Kuyesa Kachulukidwe: Kuchulukana kumawerengedwa poyesa kulemera ndi kuchuluka kwa zitsanzo, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosamutsira kapena njira yoyezera ma geometric. Kachulukidwe kachulukidwe kamene kamakhudza kusindikiza kwake kumagwira ntchito bwino; kuchulukira kwambiri kapena kutsika kwambiri kumatha kubweretsa ngozi zotayikira.
2.Kuyesa Kuvuta: Choyesa cham'mphepete mwa nyanja kapena microhardness tester chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa mphamvu yapang'onopang'ono ya paketiyo kuti iwonetsetse kuti imakana kupunduka pansi pa kupanikizika kwakukulu.
3.Compression Rebound: Kutengera momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito, kukakamiza kumayikidwa pachitsanzocho ndipo chiŵerengero chake cha kupanikizana ndi katundu wobwereranso amayezedwa kuti zitsimikizire kukhazikika kwake{1}kwanthawi yayitali.
4.Thermal Conductivity Testing: Thermal conductivity of graphite fillers amayezedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya laser flash kapena steady-state heat flow njira. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pamapulogalamu omwe akugwira{3}}kutentha kwambiri.
3. Chemical Composition Analysis
Kukhazikika kwamankhwala kwa kulongedza kwa graphite ndikofunikira pakukana kwake kwa dzimbiri, chifukwa chake kuwunika koyenera kwamankhwala kumafunika. Zinthu zazikulu zoyeserera zimaphatikizapo zomwe zili ndi kaboni, phulusa, sulfure, ndi zonyansa zachitsulo.
1.Kutsimikiza kwa Zinthu za Carbon: Njira yoyatsira-njira yoyatsira infrared kapena njira ya titration imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonetsetsa kuti graphite packing ikukwaniritsa muyezo wachiyero (nthawi zambiri, mpweya wa kaboni wopitilira 90% umafunika).
Mayeso a 2.Ash Content: Chitsanzo chimawotchedwa pa kutentha kwakukulu kuti ayeze gawo la zinthu zotsalira za inorganic. Phulusa lachulukira likhoza kusokoneza kukana kwa zonyamula.
3.Sulfur Content Analysis: Njira ya -yochuluka ya infrared carbon-sulfur analyzer kapena chemical titration njira imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira zinthu za sulfure kuchepetsa kuopsa kwa zida.
4.Metal Impurity Detection: Spectroscopic analysis (monga XRF kapena ICP-OES) imagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira zomwe zili muzitsulo monga chitsulo ndi faifi tambala kuwonetsetsa kuti sizikukhudzana ndi zowulutsa.
4. Kusindikiza Magwiridwe Kutsimikizira
Kuchita komaliza kwa kulongedza kwa graphite kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa kudzera mu mayeso osindikiza. Njira zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizapo mayeso opumula kupsinjika ndikuyesa kutayikira.
1.Compression Stress Relaxation Test: Mayesowa amatengera kupsinjika kwa nthawi yayitali-yomwe imakhala mkati mwa chisindikizo ndikuyesa kuwonongeka kwa kupsinjika pakapita nthawi kuti awone kudalirika kwake-kwanthawi yayitali.
Mayeso a 2.Leakage Rate: Kunyamula kumayikidwa mu chipangizo chosindikizira chokhazikika, gasi kapena madzi amadzimadzi amayambitsidwa, ndipo kukakamizidwa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ayese ngati chiwongoladzanja chikugwirizana ndi miyezo yamakampani (monga API 622).
5. Lipoti la Mayesero ndi Kulamulira Kwabwino
Mukamaliza zinthu zonse zoyeserera, chidziwitsocho chiyenera kufotokozedwa mwachidule komanso lipoti latsatanetsatane la mayeso lipangidwe, kuphatikiza zidziwitso zachitsanzo, njira zoyesera, kusanthula zotsatira, ndi ziganizo. Pazinthu zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi miyezo, zifukwa ziyenera kufufuzidwa ndikuwongolera malingaliro ayenera kupangidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, makampani amatha kuphatikiza macheke anthawi zonse ndi kuyezetsa-ndi gulu lachitatu kuti awonetsetse kuti graphite packing ndi yabwino komanso yokhazikika.
Mapeto
Njira yoyesera yonyamula ma graphite ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti ikugwira ntchito komanso chitetezo. Kupyolera mu zitsanzo zofananira, kusanthula kwakuthupi ndi mankhwala, komanso kutsimikizira kusindikiza kokhazikika,{1}}zogulitsa zamtundu wapamwamba zitha kusankhidwa bwino, zomwe zimathandizira kwambiri magwiridwe antchito odalirika a zida zamakampani. M'tsogolomu, ndi kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ya zinthu, ukadaulo woyeserera upitilizidwa kukonzedwa kuti ukwaniritse zosowa za-mafakitale apamwamba.
